KERAJAAN MELAYU KUNO: Tinjauan Sejarah Jambi Hingga abad 13

Arif Rahim

Abstract


This paper focuses on several issues surrounding the existence of the Malay Kingdom which to this day still hold many unanswered issues, especially regarding the origins of the kingdom, the ruling kings, the central government, and the scope of the region. This research work is expected to contribute to the development of knowledge, especially about the local history of Jambi, and can be used as consideration by related institutions to preserve historical and cultural values and for the development of the tourism industry in the Jambi region. By using a multidimensional approach and supported by the application of historical methods that refer to scientific historical research procedures, it is hoped that the questions raised in the formulation of the problem will be expressed objectively and systematically. The results show that the Malay kingdom has its roots in three ancient pre-Malay kingdoms, namely Koying, Tupo, and Kantoli, which grew in the 4th century to the 7th century AD. The Malay kingdom emerged as an independent state marked by sending envoys to China. at 644-645M. The center of the kingdom at that time was in Jambi. Since 685 the Malay Kingdom was under Srivijaya control but the Malay port still functioned as an important port. The Malay kingdom re-emerged as an independent kingdom in the 12th century after the Srivijaya kingdom declined due to the Cola kingdom's attack. In this period the center of the kingdom had moved to Dharmasraya in the present-day area of West Sumatra. However, after the 1286 AD Pamalayu expedition, the Malay Kingdom was forced to vazal kingdom status by recognizing the power of Singhasari and Majapahit. Entering the 14th century under Adityawarman, the Malay Kingdom grew into the largest kingdom in Sumatra but the center of the kingdom moved to Pagaruyung, an area located in the natural center of Minangkabau, West Sumatra Province today.

Keywords


Ancient Malay Kingdom

Full Text:

PDF

References


A. B. Lapian. Sejarah Indonesia Penilaian Kembali Karya Utama Sejarawan Asing. Depok. Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Budaya. LPUI. 1997.

A.B Lapian.“Jambi Dalam Jaringan Pelayaran dan Perdagangan Masa Modern Awalâ€Makalah disampaikan pada Seminar Sejarah Melayu Kuno.Jambi.1992.

Asviwarman Adam. Merintis Sejarah Total Asia Tenggara. Dalam Anthony Reid. Dari Ekspansi Hingga Krisis Jaringan Perdagangan Global Asia Tenggara. Jakarta. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. 1999.

Aulia Tasman. Menelusuri Jejak Kerajaan Melayu Jambi dan Perkembangannya. Jakarta. Gaung Persada Press Group. 2016

Bambang Budi Utomo. Batanghari Riwayatmu Dulu. Makalah disampaikan dalam Seminar Sejarah Melayu Kuno Jambi 7 – 8 Desember 1992.

Casparis, J. G. DE. Kerajaan Malayu dan Adityawarman. Makalah disampaikan dalam Seminar Sejarah Melayu Kuno Jambi 7 – 8 Desember 1992.

Chaudhuri. K.N. Trade and Civilization In the Indian Ocean. An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. 1985.

Dada Meuraxa. Kerajaan Melayu Purba. Medan. Penerbit Kalidasa. 1971

Gusti Asnan, Sungai dan Sejarah Sumatera. Jogyakarta. Penerbit Ombak.2016.

Hall. D.G.E. Sejarah Asia Tenggara. Surabaya. Usaha Nasional. 1988.

Junaidi T. Noor, Mencari Jejak Sangkala.Jambi.Pusat Kajian Pengembangan Sejarah dan Budaya Jambi.2011.

M.D. Mansur. Sejarah Minangkabau. dkk. Jakarta. Bharata. 1970.

Mukti Nasrudin. Jambi Dalam Sejarah Nusantara. Naskah tidak diterbitkan.

Ngebi Sutodilago Periai Rajo Sari. Undang-undang Piagam dan Kisah Negeri Jambi. Jakarta. Proyek Penerbitan Buku Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah. 1982.

Nurhadi Rangkuti. Kerincimu Kerinciku Dataran Tinggi Jambi Dalam Perspektif Arkeologi. Jogyakarta Penerbit Ombak. 2016

Reid, Anthoni. Dari Ekspansi Hingga Krisis Jaringan Perdagangan Global Asia Tenggara. Jakarta. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. 1999.

A.Danhuri Mukti. Sejarah KabupatenTebo Jambi.PemkabTebo. 2008.

Bambang Budi Utomo. “Batanghari Riwayatmu Dulu†Makalah disampaikan pada Seminar Sejarah Melayu Kuno.Jambi. 1992.

Budhi Vrihaspathi Jauhari. Senarai Sejarah Kebudayaan Suku Kerinci. Bina Potensia Mahetva Yodha. Kerinci. 2012.

Coedes, George. Asia Tenggara Masa Hindu-Budha. Jakarta. Penerbit KPG.2010

Garraghan, Gilbert, J. A Guide to Historical Method. New York Fordham University Press.1957

Gusti Asnan. Sungai dan Sejarah Sumatera. Jogyakarta.Penerbit Ombak. 2016.

Hall, D.G.E. Sejarah Asia Tenggara. Surabaya. Penerbit Usaha Nasional.1988.

Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro & Nugroho Notosusanto. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia II. Jakarta. PN. Balai Pustaka. 1992.

M.D Mansur. Sedjarah Minangkabau. Jakarta Bharata.1970.Mukty Nasruddin. Jambi Dalam Sejarah Nusantara. Jambi. 1989.

Mukhty Nasruddin. Jambi dalam Sejarah Nusantara. Jambi. 1989.

Pemprov.Jambi.Situs Percandian Muaro Jambi.Pemprov Jambi. 2009.

Reid, Anthony. South-East Asia in The Age of Commers 1450-1680.New Haven London.Yale University Press.1992

Reid, Anthony. Sumatera Tempo Doeloe. Jakarta. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.2011.

Rusli Amran. Sumatera Barat Hingga Plakat Panjang. Jakarta. Sinar Harapan. 1981

Arif Rahim, KERAJAAN MELAYU KUNO: Tinjauan Sejarah Jambi Hingga abad 13

R.Z Leirissa. Sejarah Perekonomian Indonesia. Jakarta. Depdikbud.1996

Sartono Kartodirdjo, Pendekatan Ilmu Sosial Dalam Metodologi Sejarah. Jakarta. Gramedia. 1992

Sartono, S.â€Kerajaan Melayu Kuno Pra Sriwijaya di Sumateraâ€Makalah disampaikan pada Seminar Sejarah Melayu Kuno.Jambi. 1992

Scholten, Elsbet Locher. Kesultanan Sumatera dan Negara Kolonial. Jakarta. Bana KITLV. 2008.

Slamet Mulyana. Sriwijaya. Jogyakarta. LKIS. 2011

Soekmono. Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2. Jakarta. Kanisius.1994

Soekmono.“Rekonstruksi Sejarah Melayu Kuno Sesuai Tuntutan Arkeologi†Makalah disampaikan pada Seminar Sejarah Melayu Kuno. Jambi.1992

Vansina, Jan. Tradisi Lisan Sebagai Sejarah. Jogyakarta. Penerbit Ombak.2014




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/dikdaya.v12i1.288

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Ilmiah Dikdaya
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan (FKIP) Universitas Batanghari Jambi
Jl. Slamet Ryadi, Broni-Jambi
Telepon. 0741-667089 | e-mail: dikdaya.unbari@gmail.com