Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam Mendukung Program Peningkatan Kualitas SDM Masyarakat Melalui Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG)

Mangaraja Manurung, Bayu Pamungkas, Khairul Anhar Harahap, Paringgonan Siregar

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran kebijakan pemerintah dalam mendukung program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) sebagai strategi peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM). Metode penelitian menggunakan mixed-methods dengan desain kuasi-eksperimental Difference-in-Differences (DiD) dan evaluasi proses kualitatif. Sampel terdiri atas 400 siswa dari wilayah intervensi dan kontrol selama 12 bulan. Hasil menunjukkan adanya penurunan prevalensi stunting sebesar 5.8 persen poin (p<0.05), peningkatan rata-rata kehadiran 3.9 hari per semester, dan peningkatan skor akademik 5.6 poin. Analisis kualitatif mengungkap pelaksanaan program yang tinggi kesesuaian pedoman (fidelity 87%), namun menghadapi kendala logistik dan distribusi anggaran. Secara ekonomi, program dinilai efisien dengan rasio biaya-efektivitas Rp 29.000 per unit peningkatan z-score gizi. Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan MBG ditentukan oleh integrasi kebijakan multisektoral, pelibatan komunitas lokal, dan sistem monitoring yang kuat untuk menjamin keberlanjutan program.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/dikdaya.v15i2.881

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